Nail



Nov. 13, 1928. 1,691,470

a. c. FEDDERMAN NAIL Filed Sept. 1927 I n 0,012 for: r

George C..Fdderi nan,

Patented Nov. 13, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE G. FEDDERMAN, F DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOB T0 AUTO LOADING: DEVICE MANUFACTURING GAN.

COMPANY, or narrow, mrcnr'enn, A ooaronn'rronon mem- NAIL.

Application filed September 3, 1927. Serial No. 217,412..

The invention concerns nails employed, for instance, infsecuring chock blocks to the fioor of a freight car in the shipment of automobiles, one purpose being to provide a -nail .which may be limited to its drive and .readily withdrawn by the compa-ratively'low class of labor employed in such' work. A further purpose-is to provide a nail WlllCll,;

while efi'ectlve in all the-uses to which it 1 may beput, such as in the building of term porary. forms for concrete 1. construction,

where it is desired to withdraw the nails and mation exposed above this limiting shoulder which will allow the-nail to'be withdrawn by a claw hammer, wrecking bar, or other i suitable implement.

Other objects and characteristics of the nailfwill be made clear by the following 'dscription. The drawing shows a wire nail'made according to my invention.

In this drawing 1 is the stem of the nail which is of cylindrical forrpj, being of wire.

as in ordinary practice. pset from the round wire stock is a shoulder 2.presenting a flat undersurface to the surface into which the nail is driven,,so as to ,limitand .determine the final position of the nail' in relation thereto. This shoulder tapers upsubstantially that of the stem. From this point 5 the upper part flares upwardly and outwardly to the extreme upper end The upper end terminates in a flat planeat rightl 45, angles 'to thev axis of the nail and this flat surface at 6 receives the blows of the hammer or other implement used for driving the nail. into place. The flared upper part 5 of the nail begins at the point where the upwardl tapered portion 4 of the limiting shoul er terminates, thisconstruction. contributing to strength and at the same time presenting a formation which at a pointin-..

termediate' the lower face of the limiting shoulder and the extreme upper end of the nail, is reduced sufliciently to receive the claw of the pullingimplement.

By reason of the length of the .upper flared portion, 5 and its relation to the substantially flat shoulder at 2 which corresponds to the plane on which, the nail pulling implement may rest, an ample extent of surface is afforded to receive the claw ofthe pulling implements, which may vary more or lessas to the width between the prongs of the claw. That is to say, the claw may engage the upwardly flared portion of the nail I directly at its point of juncture (4) with the frusto-conical shoulder portion 4, or it may engage the flared member 5 at higher points, throughout a considerable range.

The upward taper of the part 4 immediately above the fiat face of the shoulder 2 lends fording as it does an upwardly and inwardly inclined surface for directing the point of the claw to its positionfor drawing the nail.

itself. to ready engagement of the claw, af-' The claw may engage the nail near the top point 4:. .This upwardly fiaped portion is longer than the altitude of the conical portion 4 of the shoulder, or approximately two and one-half times. The extreme upper end of the flared upper portion may be the same or slightly less than the diameter of the shoulder 2;

i -The nail is upset from round wire stock of, the flared upper end or at or near the and not only is its strength noti-mpairedas compared with a'nail of ordinary con- 'struction, but by reason of the absence of a head of the usual constructiom i. e, one having an abrupt lateral projection and of slight 40 wardly at 4 to a diameter at the pomt 4 of I ,metal under the head is avoided. In the sense just described the nail of my im provement may be said to be headless.

- It will be seen from the'above that the rojection in respect .to the shank or nail is upset with a lower frusto-conical porof considerably greater altitude with their small diameter ends equal and meetingeach other. One advantage of this structure is the strength afforded against breakage 1111- two cones, owing to the fact that the cone of low altitude has its side comparatively sharply inclined and thus offers no obstruction to the entrance of'the claw to the reduced part ofthe nail for performing the extracting action.

Referring to the a 4 stresses from a misdirected blow, it will be seen that if the side of the low altitude cone be projected it will be convergent upwardly. with the opposite side of the elongated inverted cone, as indicated by the line m-g.

The base of the imaginary frusto-conical portion boundedby this line and the line aj g 'extends from point 02 to point an and this base sustains the thrust and it will be noticed that this base extends for a considerable distance laterally out beyond the vertical axis of the nail to the point a, and thus prevents breakage in the plane of the fiat shoulder.

The nail is especially adapted for use with metal chock blocks, clips, washers or cleats as used in shipping vehicles in freight cars, where it is desired to have these devices or material used over a ain, it

dvantage of. resisting ture. being possible to extract this had without damage tothe materialsfor its "reuse,

" It will be observed that the diameter at point4 is the same as the stem 1 from which point the upper part flares'gradu'ally to the v upper end 6. This avoids the extra power which would be required if the upper part of the head had an abrupt shoulder, and this construction also avoids crystallization in the manufacture or breaking off in the less power than would a nail having an abrupt shoulder presenting a square corner to which the metal must flow. High quantity production with comparatively little power characterizes the manufacture of this nail. 1

I claim:

A round wire upset nail having its extreme upper end in the form of an inverted frustocone with the lower end of said frusto-cone of adiameter substantially equal to that of the roundwire and with a straight sided driving or pulling, Therefore this nail can be made on a light machine and requires 5 v frusto-conical portion intermediate the said inverted frusto-conical portion and the round wire stem of the nail, the said intermediate frusto-conical portion'having its small diameter upper end of the same diameter as and meeting the small diameter lower end of the upper inverted frusto-conical portion,

the lower face of the intermediatejfrusto conical portion being flat and said inverted frusto-conical portion being of considerably greater altitude than the inter ediate frusto-conical portion, substantia ly as described. K

In testimony whereof GEORGE-C. FEDQLERMANJ 

